Otoscope – ri-scope L XL 2.5V (Riester) – NSL – 3700

诊断集或耳镜是医疗装置用于查看的ears。医疗保健提供者在定期检查期间使用耳镜来筛查疾病，并调查耳朵症状。耳镜有可能可欣赏耳道和鼓膜或耳膜。由于耳膜是将外耳管与中耳分开的边界，因此其特征可以指示中耳空间的各种疾病。羊毛蛋白酶（耳蜡），脱落皮肤，脓液，管道皮肤水肿，异物和各种耳朵疾病的存在可能会掩盖耳膜的任何视野，从而严重损害了使用常见耳镜进行的耳镜的价值。

最常用的耳镜由handl组成e and a head. The head contains a light source and a simple low-powermagnifying lens，通常大约8乔布特(3.00x Mag). Thedistal（前）耳镜具有一次性塑料耳朵的附件specula。The examiner first straightens the耳道by pulling on thepinna然后将耳镜的耳朵窥镜侧插入外耳中。重要的是要用手指或小手指靠在头部上，将手握在患者头上的手握在患者头上。然后，审查员可以通过仪器后部的镜头看，看到耳道内部。在许多型号中，可以去除镜头，这使得检查员可以通过耳镜将仪器插入耳道，例如去除耳道耳垢（耳垢）。大多数型号还具有插入点，可用于将空气推开的镜头，称为pneumatic otoscope。This puff of air allows an examiner to test the mobility of the鼓膜膜。

医生办公室中使用的许多耳镜都是壁挂式安装的，而另一些则是便携式的。壁挂式耳镜由柔性电源线连接到底座，该底座在不使用时可容纳耳镜，也可以用作电力的来源electric outlet。Portable models are powered bybatteries在手柄中；这些电池通常是可充电的，可以从基本单元中充电。耳镜经常出售眼镜镜作为诊断集。

Diseases which may be diagnosed by an otoscope includeotitis mediaand耳炎外部，，，，infection of the middle and outer parts of the ear, respectively.

耳镜还经常用于检查患者的鼻子（避免需要单独的鼻腔窥器）和（除去窥镜）上喉。

The most commonly used otoscopes—those used in emergency rooms, pediatric offices, general practice, and by internists- are monocular devices. They provide only a two-dimensional view of the ear canal, its contents, and usually at least a portion of the eardrum, depending on what is within the ear canal and its status. Another method of performing otoscopy (visualization of the ear) is use of a binocular microscope, in conjunction with a larger metal ear speculum, with the patient supine and the head tilted, which provides a much larger field of view and the added advantages of a stable head, far superior lighting, and most importantly, depth perception. A binocular (two-eyed) view is required in order to judge depth. If wax or another material obstructs the canal and/or a view of the entire eardrum, it can easily and confidently be removed with specialized suction tips and other microscopic ear instruments, whereas the absence of depth perception with the one-eyed view of a common otoscope makes removal of anything more laborious and hazardous.

Another major advantage of the binocular microscope is that both of the examiner’s hands are free, since the microscope is suspended from a stand. The microscope has up to 40x power magnification, which allows much more detailed viewing of the entire ear canal, and of the entire eardrum unless edema of the canal skin prevents it. Subtle changes in the anatomy are much more easily detected and interpreted than with a monocular view otoscope. Traditionally onlyENT专家（耳鼻喉科医生）和耳科医生（专科医生）获取双眼显微镜以及使用它们的必要技能和培训，并将其常规用途纳入评估患者的耳朵投诉中。研究表明，与双眼微小耳镜相比，对单眼耳镜诊断耳朵疾病的依赖会导致误诊的机会超过50％。

The expense of acquiring a binocular microscope is only one obstacle to its being more widely adapted to general medicine. The low level of familiarity with binocular otoscopy among pediatric and general medicine professors in physician training programs is probably a more difficult obstacle to overcome. Thus, the standard of general otologic diagnosis and ear care remains, for the most part, the largely antiquated monocular otoscope.