Riester ri-mini sets medical diagnostic aids in an pocket format. The high quality and reliable instruments in a handy size can be easily packed away and are to hand in a jiffy. in hard plastic case with two sliding safety catches Plastic tubes each with five reusable 2.5 mm and 4 mm ear specula. Battery handle type AA for two batteries type AA. Batteries not supplied.
眼镜镜或Auriscope是一个medical device用于查看的ears。Health care providers use otoscopes to screen for illness during regular check-ups and also to investigate ear symptoms. An otoscope potentially gives a view of the ear canal and tympanic membrane or eardrum. Because the eardrum is the border separating the external ear canal from the middle ear, its characteristics can be indicative of various diseases of the middle ear space. The presence of cerumen (ear wax), shed skin, pus, canal skin edema, foreign body, and various ear diseases can obscure any view of the eardrum and thus severely compromise the value of otoscopy done with a common otoscope.
的most commonly used Ophthalmoscope consist of a handle and a head. The head contains a light source and a simple low-power放大镜头, typically around 8乔布特(3.00 x杂志)。的远端(front) end of the otoscope has an attachment for disposable plastic ear猜测。审查员首先拉直ear canal通过拉pinnaand then inserts the ear speculum side of the otoscope into the external ear. It is important to brace the hand holding the otoscope against the patient’s head to avoid injury to the ear canal by placing the index finger or little finger against the head. The examiner can then look through a lens on the rear of the instrument and see inside the ear canal. In many models, the lens can be removed, which allows the examiner to insert instruments through the otoscope into the ear canal, such as for removingearwax(cerumen). Most models also have an insertion point for a bulb capable of pushing air through the speculum which is called气动耳镜。这种空气使审查员可以测试tympanic membrane。
医生办公室中使用的许多眼镜镜是壁挂式的，而其他人则是便携式的。壁挂式耳镜由柔性电源线连接到底座，该底座在不使用时可容纳耳镜，也可以用作电力的来源电源插座。便携式型号由batteriesin the handle; these batteries are usually rechargeable and can be recharged from a base unit. Otoscopes are often sold withophthalmoscopesas a diagnostic set.
可能由耳镜诊断的疾病包括中耳炎and耳炎外部，分别感染耳朵的中部和外部。
耳镜s are also frequently used for examining patients’ noses (avoiding the need for a separate nasal speculum) and (with the speculum removed) upper throats.
的most commonly used otoscopes—those used in emergency rooms, pediatric offices, general practice, and by internists- are monocular devices. They provide only a two-dimensional view of the ear canal, its contents, and usually at least a portion of the eardrum, depending on what is within the ear canal and its status. Another method of performing otoscopy (visualization of the ear) is use of a binocular microscope, in conjunction with a larger metal ear speculum, with the patient supine and the head tilted, which provides a much larger field of view and the added advantages of a stable head, far superior lighting, and most importantly, depth perception. A binocular (two-eyed) view is required in order to judge depth. If wax or another material obstructs the canal and/or a view of the entire eardrum, it can easily and confidently be removed with specialized suction tips and other microscopic ear instruments, whereas the absence of depth perception with the one-eyed view of a common Ophthalmoscope makes removal of anything more laborious and hazardous.
双眼显微镜的另一个主要优点是，由于显微镜悬挂在架子上，因此两个检查员的手都是免费的。显微镜具有高达40倍的功率放大倍数，可以更详细地查看整个耳道，除非管道皮肤的水肿阻止它。与单眼视图眼镜相比，解剖学的细微变化更容易检测和解释。传统上只有恩特specialists (otolaryngologists) and otologists (subspecialty ear doctors) acquire binocular microscopes and the necessary skills and training to use them, and incorporate their routine use in evaluating patient’s ear complaints. Studies have shown that reliance on a monocular otoscope to diagnose ear disease results in a more than 50% chance of misdiagnosis, as compared to binocular microscopic otoscopy.
获得双眼显微镜的费用只是其更广泛地适应通用医学的障碍。在医师培训计划中，小儿和普通医学教授之间对双眼冲突的熟悉程度低可能是一个更困难的障碍。因此，一般的耳科诊断和耳部护理的标准在很大程度上仍然是大量过时的单眼耳镜。
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